The structure of the Japanese castle

A classification


For the classification of the castle based on geographical features by the person of military science of the Edo era, there are "Herajiro" (ひらじろ) / "castle on a hill" (ひらやまじろ) / "Yamashiro" (やまじろ) / 3. These distinction is not clear.
 
 
 
Constitution


I passed through basic design on the occasion of the construction of a castle the territory (なわばり) or the diameter beginning and said beginning (I respect you), and there was the center for the placement of gay quarters. It is said that the etymology of "the territory" comes from that I set up a rope by practice and inspected the placement of gay quarters. When the early modern times began, various classifications / analysis was accomplished by people of military science. I put "outline type" (I scratch Rin spread it), mountain and Kaikawa arranging gay quarters in the shape of a main enclosure / the outworks of a castle / outermost outworks and a concentric circle in the rear (staunchness), and there are "consecutive Kuo expressions" (れんかくしき) to link independent gay quarters on "bridge Kuo type" (ていかくしき), the ridge top stopping at the direction, but, for a basic form of the territory, a main enclosure tends actually to take those composition form.


An institution


I called a division surrounded with moat and fieldwork / Ishigaki gay quarters / Kuo (くるわ), and the castle consisted by linking these gay quarters some. It was said the circle (まる) in the Edo era. In the gay quarters that played a key role of the defense, outermost outworks tended it to be established the outworks of a castle which were main enclosure (= Oriental fiddle music ring / main Kuo) else. By the castle, oar gay quarters / boatman gay quarters / castle tower gay quarters / a western citadel of the castle (the retired person place of the daimyo) was able to be established. The high gay quarters of the independence characteristics that is next to Maidashi gay quarters, a certain castle with the thing which Maidashi (and it is a horse) made it on a large scale say with from gay quarters / from Kuo (でぐるわ), a fortress (でまる). There is the thing such as Sanada-maru and Nishide-maru of Kumamoto-jo Castle of the position of Osaka.

Generally the institution which the area of each gay quarters could set up narrowly was limited with Yamashiro, but the area of each gay quarters was wide in Heijo, and palaces setting of the large-scale institution was possible.


An outer fence


When a castle becomes the lasting rule foothold from the military base of the temporariness of the Middle Ages, there was the thing that defense line is already established in one fold of outside for the purpose of castle town and vassal corps defense by a component (a second enclosure) of the function of the conventional castle. This "an outer fence" (there is it, and write it) or "an outer wall" (get so vug, and call そとくるわ )"" 惣構 ().) I set out for only a case called the castle, the second enclosure generally, and, in the outer fence, there was the inarticulate thing to include natural geographical features (a mountain / a river) where you said.